Social and Economic
Meghalaya is composed of three main tribes, the Khasi, Jaintia and Garo Tribes. Matrilineal System is the basic feature of the three tribes. The economy of the State is mainly agrarian in nature. The main crops of Meghalaya are rice, potatoes, and ginger. Horticulture in recent years has also been promoted in a big way. Nearly 80% of the population in the villages depends primarily on Agriculture. The State is also rich in minerals like coal, limestone, clay, sillimanite and uranium.
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In respect of health indicators, the State is having an IMR of 49 per thousand live births as per National Family Health Survey (NFHS) records and the Maternity Mortality Rate (MMR) is 450 per lakh live births as per DHS (MCH&FW) records. The sex ratio of the State is 975 per thousand males as per 2001 census. |
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Literacy rate
The literacy rate of the State is 62.6 %. The break-up is as follows: -
District Wise Literacy Rates.
Districts |
Literacy Rate in Percentage |
All Communities |
Rural |
Urban |
Male |
Female |
Total |
Male |
Female |
Total |
Male |
Female |
Total |
East Khasi Hills |
77.3 |
74.8 |
76.1 |
66.8 |
66.9 |
66.9 |
90.6 |
84.7 |
87.7 |
West Khasi Hills |
66.5 |
63.7 |
65.1 |
64.3 |
61.2 |
62.8 |
83.3 |
82.1 |
82.7 |
Ri Bhoi |
68.8 |
62.4 |
65.7 |
68.2 |
61.7 |
65.0 |
76.8 |
71.8 |
74.3 |
Jaintia Hills |
50.1 |
53.7 |
51.9 |
46.1 |
50.2 |
48.2 |
91.4 |
87.6 |
89.5 |
East Garo Hills |
66.1 |
54.9 |
60.6 |
63.0 |
50.9 |
57.0 |
84.5 |
78.1 |
81.3 |
West Garo Hills |
57.0 |
44.1 |
50.7 |
52.5 |
38.9 |
46.0 |
89.6 |
82.4 |
86.0 |
South Garo Hills |
61.5 |
48.0 |
55.0 |
59.0 |
44.9 |
52.0 |
85.8 |
81.5 |
83.7 |
Total |
65.4 |
59.6 |
62.6 |
59.2 |
53.2 |
56.3 |
89.0 |
83.5 |
86.3 |
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District |
No of villages |
Habitations |
With LPS |
With UPS |
East Khasi Hills |
937 |
1147 |
1272 |
1170 |
Ri Bhoi |
573 |
888 |
744 |
844 |
West Khasi Hills |
957 |
1153 |
1060 |
1338 |
Jaintia Hills |
501 |
1240 |
792 |
872 |
East Garo Hills |
887 |
936 |
725 |
767 |
West Garo Hills |
1548 |
1852 |
1431 |
1356 |
South Garo Hills |
627 |
864 |
618 |
648 |
Total : |
6030 |
8080 |
6642 |
6995 |
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